Referring to the article in digest 951116 by Richard Weisenberger
(forwarded from piporg-l group) --
If a side-by-side comparison concert were to be arranged the
electronic organ, with it's audible distortion, would be noticeably
inferior. (Fortunately for churches and manufacturers, such comparison
situations are rare.)
The knotty problem in high-power audio systems remains in the
loudspeakers: they are still the main cause of intermodulation
distortion. At low power levels one can get a pretty clean sound
nowadays from the variety of consumer loudspeakers. It's fun to
compare them in a hi-fi shop, while playing your own favorite
(hence well-known) piano CD.
A thoughtful old-timer engineer explained why multiple-port speakers
(with woofer, squawker & tweeter) were developed:
"Imagine that you are hearing two adjacent loudspeakers. One (the
woofer) radiates a low frequency sine wave and the other (the tweeter)
a high frequency sine wave, at equal sound pressure [equal perceived
intensity]. Both radiators are stationary except for the sine wave
motion of the loudspeaker cone.
"Now imagine that the two sine wave signals have been combined, to
radiate from only one loudspeaker. Low frequencies demand long
excursions of the cone, but the high frequency barely wiggles it.
This is equivalent to attaching the high-frequency tweeter to the
_cone_ of the woofer, and the result is that the high-frequency sine
wave is frequency modulated by the low-frequency motion of the woofer.
It's a simple Doppler effect."
And the result is a multitude of new, unwanted frequencies, clustered
about the high frequency sine wave. This is called intermodulation
(IM) distortion, and it can be _very_ unpleasant. Remember, in the
50's, how the finest of the high fidelity phonographs were demonstrated
using recorded bells? The ear is very discerning about these familiar
percussion sounds, and the smallest IM distortion in the system becomes
a literal pain-in-the-ear!
One realization of the "ideal loudspeaker" might be a disk or a cone,
such that the active ring of vibration moves inward with increasing
frequency, thus precluding Doppler modulation of the high frequencies
by the lows. If this approach were feasible we wouldn't need
loudspeaker arrays. ...
-- Robbie Rhodes
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